Lời giải ĐỀ THI IELTS 30/11/2019
Lời giải Task 1:
The table compares the proportion of the population originating in 5 countries but now living in urban and rural areas of Australia. The pie chart shows the percentage of the population of Australia according to their country of origin.
Overall, it is clear that the great majority of people in Australia live in cities, regardless of where they were born. Most of the population of Australia were born in that country.
Almost ¾ of people in Australia are native Australians. On the other hand, 7% were born in the UK and 3% in New Zealand. A smaller proportion were born in China and the Netherlands, at 2% and 1% respectively. The remaining 14% of the Australian population were born in other countries.
In terms of the percentage of urban and rural populations, it is clear that only 1% of Chinese people live in the Australian countryside. The UK and New Zealand have similar figures, with 89% and 90% respectively living in cities. By contrast, the figures for the urban population of Australia are lower for people born in the Netherlands or in Australia itself, at 83% and 80% respectively.
189 words
Written by NgocBach
Lời giải Task 2:
It is true that, as a result of increasing globalisation, most countries in the world import at least some food items. While this trend has some advantages, I agree that it would be better for countries to try to reduce food imports and to become fully self-sufficient in terms of food production.
On the one hand, people often enjoy the taste and variety of imported food. For example, it is not possible to grow tea or coffee in the UK, yet these drinks are extremely popular. There would be a public outcry if the government imposed an official ban on these items. In addition, many foods are able to be consumed out of the natural growing season if they are imported, such as fresh strawberries in winter, which warmer countries export to northern Europe or the eastern USA.
On the other hand, these benefits can only be enjoyed by ignoring the economic and environmental costs. Firstly, the most fertile land in India, Africa and Asia is often used to produce cash crops for export to richer, more developed countries. This land should be used to grow food for local people, to provide them with a healthier diet. Instead, governments in the developed world should provide public subsidies for local growers to produce healthy food for local people, which will create jobs for the production of free-range products and organic food. Secondly, the further that freight services carry food, the less environmentally-friendly our policies become. More food miles result in greater environmental degradation.
In conclusion, despite some advantages of importing food, I totally agree that countries should try to return to complete self-sufficiency in food production, and that governments should adopt policies to achieve this objective.
285 words
Written by NgocBach
Ghi chú
Vocabulary from society:
- an outcry (at/over/against something)
Meaning: a reaction of anger or strong protest shown by people in public
Example: The new tax provoked a public outcry.
Vocabulary from government:
- to impose an official ban on
Meaning: to say or declare that something is not allowed
Example: Governments ought to impose an official ban on the use of mobile phones on public transport.
- to provide public subsidies for
Meaning: to give government money to reduce the costs of services or to produce goods in order to keep the price low
Example: In order to promote agriculture that is environmentally-friendly, the government should provide public subsidies for organic farmers.
- to adopt policies
Meaning: to start to use particular policies
Example: In order to deal with traffic congestion, the government must adopt policies to restrict the use of private cars.
Vocabulary from food and diet:
- to provide somebody with a healthier diet
Meaning: to give somebody a diet which is more healthy than that which they have at present
Example: Eating only fresh fruit and vegetables provides people with a healthier diet.
- free-range eggs/free-range meat/free-range products
Meaning: related to a system in which animals are kept in natural conditions and can move around freely
Example: Customers who buy free-range products, such as eggs or chickens, often do so because they oppose factory farming.
- organic food
Meaning: produced without using artificial chemicals
Example: The production of organic food causes less damage to the environment and many people also claim that it is more nutritious.
Vocabulary from transport:
- freight services
Meaning: the system of transporting goods
Example: Railways must provide more freight services in order to reduce the number of trucks on the roads.
Vocabulary from the environment:
- food miles
Meaning: Distance food has to travel between where it is grown or made and where it is consumed
Example: We can all reduce our carbon footprint by flying less, and reduce our food miles by buying local products.
- environmentally friendly
Meaning: behavior or products that do not harm the environment
Example: We can help to protect the environment by using detergents and cosmetics that are environmentally friendly.
- environmental degradation
Meaning: the process or fact of the environment becoming worse
Example: Africa is a continent in which environmental degradation is evident in the spread of deserts and the extinction of animal species.
Other vocabulary:
- self-sufficient [adjective]:
Meaning: able to do or to produce everything that you need without the help of other people
Example: The country is fully self-sufficient in food production.
- fertile [adjective]:
Meaning: (of land) that plants grow well in
Example: He has a farm in a fertile region with good soil and rainfall.
- cash crops [noun]:
Meaning: crops grown for selling, rather than for use by the person that grows them
Example: Soya is now the major cash crop grown in Brazil, mainly for export to China.