Lời giải ĐỀ THI IELTS 29/11/2018
Lời giải Task 1:
The bar chart compares the numbers of students of Physics and Art & Design after graduation in one European country in 2007, according to five occupational categories.
Overall, it is clear that the category with the highest number of students was full-time employment, which many students entered after graduation. In particular, a high number of Physics graduates found full-time employment.
While just over 40 Art & Design graduates entered full-time employment, the figure for Physics graduates was much higher at almost 70. However, there were 33 Art & Design students who found part-time employment, compared with a slightly lower number of only 30 Physics graduates. Unemployment accounted for a considerable number of graduates – 25 in Art & Design and 30 in Physics.
Postgraduate study was a more popular option among Art & Design than Physics students, with figures of 33 and 30 respectively. Finally, 25 Art & Design students chose to enter other fields after graduation compared with 31 Physics graduates.
161 words
Written by NgocBach
Lời giải Task 2:
It is true that over the past few decades, many of the world’s cities have experienced a huge population explosion. This has resulted in many undesirable effects on the inhabitants, but solutions are available to help to maintain the quality of urban life.
Although there are many negative impacts of the recent mass exodus to cities, a number of these deserve special mention. Firstly, there is the issue of housing inequality. While wealthier residents are able to move out to sprawling suburbs, the poorer migrants live in inner-city areas, in slum areas or derelict buildings. Secondly, the lack of jobs means that many people are unable to earn a living. As a result, juvenile delinquency increases, as youngsters turn to crime, experiencing a sense of alienation, their family and social bonds replaced by new ties of gang culture.
Measures should be taken to reduce problems of housing and crime, improving the quality of life for all in the cities. In terms of housing, abandoned buildings should be either restored to provide homes, or demolished and replaced by decent apartment blocks with affordable rents. There have been successful schemes of this kind in cities all around the world, including London and New York. Other measures could be introduced to reduce crime rates, such as increasing job opportunities, youth training schemes to acquire work skills, and police action to be tough on crime. These will help to promote a feeling of community and be steps towards maintaining the quality of life in cities.
In conclusion, while there are many problems caused by the growth of city populations, these can be reduced by the implementation of appropriate measures.
275 words
Written by NgocBach
Ghi chú
Vocabulary from cities:
- a mass exodus
Meaning: the movement of a lot of people from a place
Example: Recently, there has been a mass exodus of people from the countryside to the towns.
- sprawling suburbs
Meaning: an area outside the centre of a city where people live, but which is spreading without control into the surrounding countryside
Example: The growth of sprawling suburbs makes it more difficult for people to commute to their place of work.
- inner city areas
Meaning: the parts near the centre of a city, which often have social problems
Example: Recent immigrants to cities often have to live in crowded inner city areas, which usually have huge problems of crime and poverty.
- slum areas
Meaning: parts of a city where the houses are poor, dirty and in bad condition.
Example: Young people growing up in slum areas often turn to a life of crime.
- derelict buildings
Meaning: buildings not used and in bad condition
Example: Derelict buildings in cities are sometimes occupied by homeless people or drug addicts.
- a sense of alienation
Meaning: the feeling that you have no connection with the people around you
Example: Unfortunately, urbanisation creates a sense of alienation among people and few people even know their neighbours.
- social bonds
Meaning: a close connection between people in society
Example: The family and social bonds in small village communities are broken when people move to cities.
- a feeling of community
Meaning: the feeling of sharing things and belonging to a group in the place where you live
Example: Cities can be very lonely places, where a feeling of community does not exist and people have few friends or acquaintances.
Vocabulary from housing:
- housing inequality
Meaning: the difference in the quality of housing that exists within a society
Example: There is obvious housing inequality in many cities, with the poor living in very bad housing conditions. - apartment blocks
Meaning: tall buildings, with apartments on each floor
Example: The apartment blocks in my neighbourhood all have at least 8 floors.
Vocabulary from work:
- to earn a living
Meaning: to earn money to support yourself and/or your family
Example: I used to earn a living as a teacher, but now I sell used cars.
- to acquire (work) skills
Meaning: to learn skills by doing a particular job
Example: John acquired lots of skills in his student vacation, working on a construction site.
Vocabulary from crime:
- juvenile delinquency
Meaning: bad or criminal behaviour of young people
Example: The recent increase in juvenile delinquency can be explained by the fact that the media focus too much on violent and sensational crimes.
- to turn to crime
Meaning: to start committing crimes
Example: During periods of high youth unemployment, some youngsters turn to crime to obtain money.
- to be tough on crime
Meaning: to punish crime severely
Example: The crime rate will fall if the government take strong measures to be tough on crime.
Other vocabulary:
- population explosion [noun]:
Meaning: a large and sudden increase in the population of a place
Example: The population explosion in Africa and parts of Asia contrasts with a declining population in Japan.
- undesirable [adjective]:
Meaning: not wanted, and likely to cause problems
Example: It would be undesirable to increase class sizes in this school.
- gang culture [noun]:
Meaning: a group of people with a shared interest or common identity.
Example: In New York, the gang culture includes drugs, rap music and street violence.
- to demolish [verb]:
Meaning: to pull down or knock down a building
Example: The factory has closed and there are plans to demolish it next year.