Lời giải ĐỀ THI IELTS 15/01/2019
Lời giải Task 1:
The flow-chart illustrates the different stages in the small-scale process of smoking fish.
Overall, it is clear that the process has 8 stages, beginning with the preparation of the fish and ending with the delivery of the finished product.
First, the fish are cleaned with a knife and prepared ready for the production process, before being placed in a container of salt water for 30 minutes. Next, they are cooked for 5 minutes in hot salted water, and the fish are then removed.
The process of smoking is now ready to start. In a vat, the fish are hung by wires on top of some material which burns and produces smoke. The vat is covered with wood, so that the smoke cannot escape. After 30 minutes, the fish are smoked and ready for the next stage, which is the addition of yellow colouring. The smoked fish are then packed in closed containers and, finally, transported in trucks to where they will be sold.
163 words.
Written by NgocBach
Lời giải Task 2:
It is true that even today, illiteracy is widespread. While this presents serious difficulties for individuals and society, there are steps that governments should take to deal with the problem.
When people can neither read nor write, they are disadvantaged in important ways. In terms of the individual consequences of illiteracy, dealing with bureaucracy is a nightmare. Reading and writing – or even adding a signature to – an official document is often necessary, for example when people have to apply for social welfare benefits. From the perspective of society in general, it is difficult to integrate economic migrants into society who are perhaps illiterate in their home countries, or are unable to read and write in the language of the host country. This makes the task of constructing a multicultural society difficult if minority groups are forced to do sweated labour, simply because they are illiterate and excluded from better-paid jobs.
There are, however, policies which national and local authorities can adopt to improve matters. Firstly, resources should be allocated to provide basic literacy classes in local colleges or social and community centres to help people to learn to read and write. Secondly, government departments must employ staff who have specific responsibility for helping illiterate people to cope with the confusing mass of official paperwork. In this way, they will not be discriminated against, for instance by losing welfare rights to which they are entitled. Finally, governments even in developing countries must ensure that everyone has the right to a basic education which enables them to read and write.
In conclusion, although illiteracy is a serious problem, there are steps which governments should take to help those who can neither read nor write.
282 wrods
Written by NgocBach
Ghi chú
Vocabulary from Society:
- to integrate into society
Meaning: to become accepted as a member of a social group, especially when a person comes from a different culture
Example: Children from minority groups often find it easy to integrate into society because they attend schools which are multicultural.
- economic migrants
Meaning: people who move from their own countries to a new country in order to find work or to have a better standard of living
Example: As a result of global inequalities of wealth, many economic migrants have fled to developed countries. - a multicultural society
Meaning: a society which includes people of different origins, traditions and languages
Example: Immigration has led to the development of multicultural societies in the US, Europe and Australia. - minority groups
Meaning: small groups within a community that are different because of their origin, religion, language or traditions
Example: Children from minority groups are sometimes victims of bullying at school. - sweated labour
Meaning: hard work that is done for low wages in poor conditions; the people who do this work
Example: Conditions of sweated labour still exist in many developing countries. - social and community centres
Meaning: places where people who live in the same area can meet for events or to do different activities
Example: Elderly people who live alone are able to make friends and enjoy life more if local authorities provide social and community centres. - to discriminate
Meaning: to treat one person or group worse/better than another in an unfair way
Example: It is illegal to discriminate on the grounds of race, sex or religion.
Vocabulary from Government:
- to adopt policies
Meaning: to start to use particular policies
Example: In order to deal with traffic congestion, the government must adopt policies to restrict the use of private cars.
- national and local authorities
Meaning: government organizations acting at a national level or within a smaller, local area
Example: Tackling crime is a responsibility of both national and local authorities. - to allocate resources to
Meaning: to make money and materials available to do something
Example: If governments allocate more resources to improving public transport, this will reduce the problem of traffic congestion in cities.
Other vocabulary:
- illiteracy [noun]:
Meaning: the fact of not knowing how to read or write
Example: Illiteracy is a serious problem in Brazil, where over 10% of the population cannot read or write. - disadvantaged [adjective]:
Meaning: not having things, such as education or enough money, that people need in order to have a good life
Example: He lives in a disadvantaged area of the city, where there are no schools and everyone is poor. - bureaucracy [noun]:
Meaning: the system of complicated official rules or ways of doing things organised by a government
Example: One of the problems of moving to another country is having to deal with the bureaucracy. - nightmare [noun]:
Meaning: a dream, or an experience, that is very frightening or unpleasant
Example: When she became sick, her holiday turned into a nightmare. - to cope with [phrasal verb]:
Meaning: to deal successfully with something difficult
Example: To be a chef in a busy restaurant, you must be able to cope with the stress of the job. - paperwork [noun]:
Meaning: the written work that is part of a job, such as filling in forms or writing reports or letters
Example: Many government departments are trying to reduce the amount of paperwork in order to cut their costs. - welfare [noun]:
Meaning: practical or financial help provided by the government to help people in need
Example: The government is introducing a new welfare programme to help poor people.