Lời giải ĐỀ THI IELTS 10/11/2018
Lời giải Task 1:
The pie chart on the left compares the percentage of timber produced in different areas of the world. The pie chart on the right shows the proportion of the world’s forests in each of these regions in 2010.
Overall, it is clear that Russia was the leading region of the world in terms of timber production, although North America had the largest proportion of the world’s forests.
Although Russia produced a larger percentage of timber than any other region at 27%, it had only a quarter of the world’s forest area in 2010. The figure for timber production in North America and Africa was the same -18%. However North America accounted for 32% of the world’s forests, in contrast to just 12% in Africa.
The less significant timber-producing regions were Asia/Oceania, South America and Europe, with 15%, 13% and 9% of world production, respectively. In terms of the proportion of the world’s forests, the figure for South America and Asia/Oceania was the same, at 13%, while the proportion for Europe was just 9%.
173 words
Written by NgocBach
Lời giải Task 2:
It is true that some people believe that there should be increased spending by national and local authorities on a faster public transport network. While this would provide useful benefits, I agree with those who consider that government resources should be allocated to more important priorities, especially protection of the environment.
On the one hand, investment in faster means of public transport would, above all, encourage a reduction in the use of private cars. In terms of travelling in the city, traffic grinds to a halt during peak commuting times. Many cities have reduced this problem by spending public money on park and ride schemes, integrated transport systems or have followed the example of Hong Kong in introducing light rail transit systems. Such steps have speeded up journey times by easing traffic flow. From a nationwide perspective, faster inter-city rail services, such as Japan’s famous bullet trains, have also encouraged motorists to leave their cars at home.
On the other hand, I concur with the view that it is more important for governments to prioritize expenditure on other areas, particularly the environment. Firstly, the consequences of an ecological crisis will be far-reaching. If global warming continues, for example, humanity faces the possibility of extinction and no cost is too high for governments to pay in order to prevent such a catastrophe. Secondly, spending on reducing pollution will bring benefits for health, especially in cleaner air and water. Finally, by providing funding for renewable energy, governments will be able to meet their international obligations to reduce their carbon footprint.
In conclusion, although money should be spent on developing faster public transport, I believe that public spending on other priorities such as the environment is more important.
285 words
Ghi chú
Vocabulary from government:
- national and local authorities
Meaning: government organisations acting at a national level, or within a smaller local area.
Example: Tackling crime is a responsibility of both national and local authorities.
- to allocate resources to
Meaning: to make money and materials available to do something
Example: If governments allocate more resources to improving public transport, this will reduce the problem of traffic congestion in cities.
- to prioritize expenditure on
Meaning: to put the need to spend money on certain things before others
Example: I believe that it is important to prioritize expenditure on medical research in order to save lives.
- to provide funding for
Meaning: to give money to enable something to be done
Example: Providing money for health care must be a priority of governments.
Vocabulary from transport:
- to grind to a halt
Meaning: to go slower and then stop completely
Example: In my city, Paris, traffic regularly grinds to a halt during the rush hour. - commuting times
Meaning the time when people travel to and from work
Example: Companies should introduce flexible working hours to cut the commuting times of employees. - park and ride schemes
Meaning: a system designed to reduce traffic in cities, in which people park their cars on the edge of the city and then take a special bus or train direct to the town centre.
Example: A park and ride scheme would be very effective in reducing the number of cars in city centres. - an integrated transport system
Meaning: a system of timetables so that bus and train services are connected and work together successfully.
Example: An integrated transport system would make it convenient for people to change buses and trains to complete their journeys without long waiting times. - a light rail transit system
Meaning: a system of electric trains, like a metro, running on lines in cities
Example: Many large cities, such as Hong Kong, have had a light rail transit system for many years. - to speed up journey times
Meaning: to reduce the amount of time spent travelling
Example: The creation of special bus lanes would speed up journey times and encourage more people to use bus services. - to ease traffic flow
Meaning: to enable traffic to move more easily
Example: Bus lanes help to ease traffic flow in cities.
Vocabulary from the environment:
- an ecological crisis
Meaning: a serious situation that occurs when the environment of a species or population changes in a way that threatens its survival
Example: Environmental degradation caused by human activity is provoking an ecological crisis which threatens our existence. - global warming
Meaning: the process by which the Earth is getting hotter, as a result of the increase of carbon dioxide and other gases in the atmosphere.
Example: Perhaps the major environmental challenge which faces humanity today is global warming, because it threatens our survival. - renewable energy
Meaning: energy is renewable when its source, such as the sun or the wind, cannot be exhausted or can be easily replaced.
Example: Governments should give grants of money to companies which develop renewable energy, such as making solar panels for buildings. - carbon footprint
Meaning: a measure of the amount of carbon dioxide that is produced by the activities of a person, company or nation.
Example: By providing subsidies, governments should encourage companies to reduce their carbon footprint through energy efficiency or other ‘green’ measures.
Other vocabulary:
- far-reaching [adjective]:
Meaning: likely to have a lot of influence or many effects
Example: The organisation will make some far-reaching changes, by totally modernising its structure. - catastrophe [noun]:
Meaning: a sudden event that causes many people to suffer
Example: The successful prediction of the earthquake gave an early warning and prevented a major catastrophe.